Finrock wrote: Sun Mar 29, 2026 6:49 amThe 1883 eruption of Krakatoa
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1883_eruption_of_Krakatoa
Damn!
Feels like a warning.Explosions
On 27 August, a series of eleven enormous explosions occurred, which marked the climax of the eruption. At 5:30 a.m., the first explosion was at Perboewatan, triggering a tsunami heading to Telok Betong, now known as Bandar Lampung. At 6:44 a.m., Krakatau exploded again at Danan, with the resulting tsunami propagating eastward and westward. The third and largest explosion, at 10:02 a.m. (some sources say 9:58 a.m.), was so powerful that it was heard 3,110 km (1,930 mi) away in Perth, Western Australia, and the Indian Ocean island of Rodrigues near Mauritius, 4,800 km (3,000 mi) away, where the blast was thought to have been cannon fire from a nearby ship. The third explosion was the loudest sound that has ever been measured by humanity.[6][7][8]: 602 [4]: 79 The loudness of the blast heard 160 km (100 mi) from the volcano has been calculated to have been 180 dB.[9]
Although heard at very great distances, the sounds of the largest explosions were much less noticeable, or not heard at all in close proximity to the volcano. The reasons for this are complex and still debated by volcanologists today but a possible explanation is that the sound waves may have been projected upwards to the stratosphere and reflected away from the area, in part by ash suspended in the air. Although often directly linked in popular accounts, the explosions and the tsunamis were probably caused by distinct mechanisms. The explosions may have emanated from huge pulses of gas-laden magma, whilst the waves followed later when the ejecta slumped back down into the surrounding sea. The worst of the many tsunamis that resulted were estimated to have been over 30 m (100 ft) high in places. A large area of the Sunda Strait and places on the Sumatran coast were affected by pyroclastic flows from the volcano. Verbeek and others believe that the final major Krakatau eruption was a lateral blast, or pyroclastic surge. Material shot out of the volcano at 2,575 km/h (1,600 mph).[10] The energy released from the explosion has been estimated to be equal to about 200 megatonnes of TNT (840 petajoules),[11] roughly four times as powerful as the Tsar Bomba, the most powerful thermonuclear weapon ever detonated. This makes it one of the most powerful explosions in recorded history. At 10:41 a.m., a landslide tore off half of Rakata's cone, along with the remainder of the island to the north of Rakata. It is still debated whether this event caused the loudest of the explosions but, either way, the collapse of the island into the magma chamber heralded the end of the paroxysmal phase.[6]
. . . * . . . . . . . . **
